Permanent-hair-waving apparatus



May 29, ,1928. 1,671,621v

A. T. WEHNER PERMANENT HAIR WAVING APPARATUS Filed July 30, 1927 ATTORNE YS.

Patented May 29, 1928.

UNITED STATES ANTON T. WERNER, 0! SAN FRANCISCO, CALIFORNIA.

PEBMANENT-HAIR-WAVING APPARATUS.

Application filed July 80,

This invention relates to a new and improved heater used in the art ofpermanent hair waving.

An object of this invention is to provide a permanent hair wavingapparatus in which a single heating element produces substan tially thesame results which have lpreviously been obtained by permanent airwaving apparatus which are provided with two or more heating elements.

Another object of this invention is to con struct a heating deviceprovided with pockets for retaining the vapors used in treating the hairduring the waving process.

A further object of this invention is to construct a permanent hairwaving apparatus, the various parts of which can be stamped from sheetmetal.

The invention possesses other advantageous features, some of which withthe foregoing, will be set forth at length in the following description,where I shall outline in full that form of the invention which I haveselected for illustration in the drawings accompanying and forming partof the present specification. In said drawings I have shown one form ofpermanent hair waving apparatus embodying the improvements of myinvention, but it is to be understood that I do not limit myself to suchform, since the invention, as set forth in the claims, may be embodiedin a plurality of forms.

In the drawings:

Figure 1 is a perspective view of my apparatus in its operativeposition.

Figure 2 is an end elevation with the arm of one of the clamping membersshown partly in section.

Figure 3 is a sectional view taken on the line 3-3 of Figure 2 lookingin the direction as indicated by the arrows.

Figure 4 is a perspective view of one of the clamping members.

Figure 5 is a perspective view of the other clampirg member to which aheating element and terminal block have been attached.

Figure 6 is a cross sectional view of th heating element per se.

The improvements of my invention relate to permanent hair waving aparatus such as are now in common use. 11 the construc tion of suchapparatus it is customary to employ two spring pressed pivotedsemi-cylindrical clamping members. Each of the clamping members isprovided with a heat- 1927. Serial 1T0. 209,495.

ing element, both of which are of a semicyllndrical form and each ofwhich is nested wltlllll one of the clamping members. In the use ofthese devices the hair to be waved is wrapped about a mandrel afterfirst being washed in certain chemical solutions. A layer of flannel orother suitable material 1s then wrapped about the hair, a la er of metalgauze is wrapped about the annel and over this is placed a clampingmember such as above described. I propose to construct a device in whicha single heating element is so positioned with respect to both of theclamping members, that heat will be readily conducted from it to both ofthe clamping members and so serve the same purpose and produce the sameresults which have previously been accomplished by the use of twoheating elements. I further ropose to get a more even distribution ofoat by providing the shell or jacket, in which the heating element perse is carried, with apertures. These apertures also serve as pockets inwhich the vapors produced by the chemicals in which the hair has beenwashed may be retained. Although the vapors'so used form no part of thepresent invention, it may be well to state that such vapors play animportantpart in permanently waving the hair, and that therefore theprovision of these pockets for holding such vapors is an importantimprovement of my invention. The form of both the clamping members andthe shell or jackets which enclose the heating element per se is suchthat they can be readily stamped from a piece of sheet metal. Theheating element together with the shell or jacket is so constructed asto be readily detachable whenever desired.

In the embodiment of my improvements shown herein two T-shaped membersenerally designated as A and B, and est shown in Figures 4 and 5, arestamped from a sheet of aluminum or other suitable metal. As shown inFigures 1, 2, 4 and 5 these T- shaped members have been shown asinverted. Midway between the arms 1 and 2 of the T-shaped members A andB are lugs 4, 5, 6 and 7. These lugs as shown in the various figures arestruck up at right angles to the arm members 1 and 2 and are providedwith apertures 31 through which a pin 3 is placed to pivotally securethe members A and B. A spring 10 is coiled about the pin 3 and has oneof its ends pressing against the arm 1 while the other end is pressedagainst the arm 2 and so serves to urge the cross bars or clampingmembers 8 and 9 to a closed position. The clamping members. 8 and 9 havebeen bent into a sermcylindrical form as shown in Figures 1, 2, 4 and 5,and are provided at their outer edges with fiber strips 41 and 42, whichprevent the hot edges of the clamping membars from coming into directcontact with the flannel covering. These strips are secured to theclamping members 8"and 9 by means of rivets 43. I

heating element of semi-cylindrical form generally designated as 12 ismade up of a mica core about which a resistance wire 36 is wound andwhich is entirely insulated by mica strips 37. Metallic semicylindricalmembers 38, cover both the extellOI and interior surfaces of thisconstruction and'all this is then socketed or enclosed in a shell 11.This shell 11 is made from a rectangularly stamped sheet of metal whichhas been bent into a semi-c lindrical form and whose outer edges 32 avebeen bent back upon themselves as shown in Figure 6, to lock the heatingelement in place. The ends of the shell 11 have been struck up to closethe ends of the heating element as a best shown at 33 in Figure 5, andthe edges of the shell member are rounded ofl so as to prevent any sharpkinks from being formed in the permanent wave. The inner surface of theshell 11 is apertured as at 13 to ermit of a more even distribution ofeat within the cylindrical member formed by the clam ing members 8 and 9and by the shell 11. ese apertures also serve as vapor pockets.

The shell 11 together with the heating element 12 is concentricallydisposed within and secured to the clamping member 9 by means of a screw14 which is engaged b a nut 15 in engagement with the outer sur ace ofthe clamping member 9. 1 As best shown in Figures 2 and 5, the up erleft half of the shell 11 extends beyond the clamping member 9. Thispermits the upper half of the clamping member 8 to over-la this exposedouter surface of the shelf 11. By such a construction it will be seenthat a substantial part of the cylindrical surface of the shell 11 isengaged by both the clamping members 8 and 9. Since all the elements sofar described are metallic with the exception of the insulation whichcustomarily surrounds the heating element 12, it will be readily seenthat heat is readil conducted from the shell 11, not only tot e clampingmember 9, but also directly to the clamping member 8. V

A terminal block 16 is secured to the outer lower end of the arm 2 bymeans of a screw 17 which engages the nut 18 on the inner surface of themember 2. The leads to the heating element 12 are secured within thisterminal block to the customary contact or socket members. A cordcarrying a plug 19 is in turn secured to these contact members. The ends39 of the resistance wire which 0 to make up the heating element 12 aret readed through apertures 34 in the with respect to the clampingmembers 8 and 9 as above described, it will be seen that due to the factthat the heating element is in contact with both of the clampingmembers, conduction between these elements is obtained. By such aconstruction one of the usual heating elements can be done away with andthe cost .of manufacturing these devices is thereby considerablydecreased.

,The apertures 1n the shell surrounding the heating element serve toenclose the vapors which are beneficial to the waving recess and alsopermit of a more even distribution of heat.

The fiber strips prevent the flannel covering over the hair from beingexcessively heated. It will be noted that the metallic gauze which isplaced about the flannel covering serves a similar purpose within theclamping members.

The entire construction may be stam ed Y from sheet metal, thus makingan eflicient economical device.

I claim:

1. Permanent hair waving ap aratus comprising two hinged semi-cylinrical clamping members, a .single semi-cylindrical heating elementcarried by one of said clampin members and overlapped by the other 0said clamping members when said clamping members are in their closedposition.

2. Permanent hair waving ap aratus comprising two hinged semi-c linrical clamping members, a semi-e indrical heating element carried by one0 said elements and so disposed that a substantial part of its outersurface is in contact with the other of said clampin elements when saidelements are in their 0 osed position.

3. permanent hair waving apparatus comprising two hingedsemi-cyllndrical clamping members and a semi-cylindrical heating elementcarried by one of said clampin members in heat conducting relation withboth clamping members.

4. A permanent hair waving apparatus comprising two hingedsemi-cylindrical clamp ng members, a semi-cylindrical apertured shellnested within both of said clamping members and a quickly detachableheating element arranged within said shell.

5. A. permanent hair waving apparatus comprising two spring pressedpivoted arms, semi-cylindrical clamping members carried at correspondingends of each arm, a semicylindrical apertured shell concentricallydisposed withinv said clamping members having half of its outer surfacealways in contact with one of said clamping members and its other halfin contact with the other of said clamping members when said clampingmembers are in their closed position, and a heating element carriedwithin said shell.

6. A permanent hair waving apparatus comprising two pivoted clampingmembers and a heating element whose outer surface is substantiallyequally overlapped by and in contact with both of said clamping members,carried by one of said clamping members.

7. A permanent hair waving apparatus comprising two hingedsemi-cylindrical clamping members, a semi-cylindrioal heating elementcarried by one of said clamping members in heat conducting relation withboth clamping members and fiber strips carried by and protruding beyondthe outer edges of the clamping members.

8. A permanent hair waving apparatus comprising two spring pressedpivoted arms, semi-cylindrical clamping members carried at correspondingends of each arm and provided at their outer edges with protrudingstrips of insulating material, a semicylindrical apertured shellconcentrically disposed within said clamping members having half of itsouter surface always in cntact with one of said clamping members and itsother half in contact with the other of said clamping members when saidclamping members are in their closed position, and a heating elementwithin said shell.

In testimony whereof I have hereunto set my hand.

ANTON T. WEHNER.

